PRESS RELEASE – UPCOMING NAVAJO NATION JUSTICE DAYS COMMEMORATE THE CREATION OF THE NAVAJO COURT SYSTEM
The public is invited as the Navajo Nation Judicial Branch observes Justice Day at its judicial districts throughout the months of April and May to commemorate the creation of the Navajo Nation’s own court system on April 1, 1959.
Not only is this year the 59th anniversary of the Navajo Nation’s court system but it is also the 150th year since the signing of the Treaty of 1868, which returned the Navajo people to their sacred homeland and recognized a nation-to-nation sovereign relationship between the United States and the Navajo Nation. Many of the Justice Day activities will commemorate both anniversaries.
The Navajo people had their own form of dispute resolution before internment at Bosque Redondo where they talked things out, guided by leaders who were selected by community consensus. However, while at Bosque Redondo, the Navajo people were divided into 12 groups, each with a chief. These chiefs would handle less serious offenses of an Army-adopted code from among their own group. All the chiefs would act as a jury for the more serious offenses with the Fort Sumner commander serving as judge.
After the Navajo people returned to their homeland, Courts of Indian Offenses, also known as CFR Courts (Code of Federal Regulations), were created by the Department of Interior Secretary. The CFR Courts were established to help do away with customs and practices of Indian people. The CFR Courts lasted from 1883 to 1892 when the Navajo Courts of Indian Offenses were created. The Navajo Courts of Indian Offenses were also courts of the Department of the Interior and were created by the agent assigned to the Navajo people at that time.
After a bill was introduced in Arizona in 1957 to extend its jurisdiction to the Navajo Nation utilizing Public Law 280, the Navajo Tribal Council created a Navajo court system which became effective April 1, 1959. The establishment of a court system is an inherent exercise of sovereignty that the Navajo government exerted when the Council approved the resolution to create its own courts.
Today the Navajo Nation courts have been called the flagship of indigenous courts. Many people look to the Navajo court system to protect the sovereignty of all American Indian courts.
In addition to the courts, the Judicial Branch of the Navajo Nation offers the traditional form of dispute resolution of “talking things out” or peacemaking, hózh̨óji naat’aah, through the Peacemaking Program. As part of its function, the Peacemaking Program also provides education on our traditional customs and Diné Fundamental Law.
The annual Justice Day activities give the public an opportunity to visit the judicial districts and to learn about how the justice system works. The judicial districts will be observing Justice Day with various activities that seek to provide public education. This year, the Supreme Court and the Administrative Office of the Courts will be holding their inaugural Justice Day on May 9, 2018.
The schedule for Justice Days is as follows:
April 3, 2018 Window Rock Judicial District, Window Rock, Arizona
April 4, 2018 Chinle Judicial District, Chinle, Arizona
April 5, 2018 Dził Yijiin Judicial District, Pinon, Arizona Crownpoint Judicial District, Crownpoint, New Mexico
April 6, 2018 Dilkon Judicial District, Dilkon, Arizona Kayenta Judicial District, Kayenta, Arizona Tuba City Judicial District, Tuba City, Arizona
April 16, 2018 Aneth Judicial District, Aneth, Utah
April 20, 2018 Alamo Court, Alamo, New Mexico Ramah Judicial District, Ramah, New Mexico
May 4, 2018 To’hajiilee Court, To’hajiilee, New Mexico
May 9, 2018 Supreme Court and Administrative Office of the Courts, Window Rock, Arizona
More information will be announced on the www.navajocourts.org website.
